Saw this on Youtube about fracking in the U.S. Makes you wonder how fracking will pan out in the U.K. with the already agreed full backing of the puppets in power. Warning some naughty language in the vid.
That's a good comedy film, people have been setting fire to the water taps ever since water wells were drilled, absolutely nothing to do with fracking as many badly drilled WATER wells in coal mining areas allowed methane into the system which is flammable. No one has suggested water wells should not be drilled as they may release methane, and there is never been a single case of ground water being contaminated due to fracking.
Many areas of Leicstershire when coal was mined there used water from wells pumped to the house taps by electric pumps which were at the bottom of the water wells and setting fire to the taps was a local joke. The well caps had to be left off the wells for a day or so when the pumps failed as there was so much methane it was dangerous to work on the pumps till the gas cleared.
There's plenty of gas in the rocks as there was methane in coal and it's about time we extracted it.
Ahh, but it says on the internet that this is new phenomena caused by fracking so if it's on the internet it must be true!!!!!!
@wriggler -interesting info. i was curious as to where the massive amounts of toxic liquid used as the medium for fracking eventually ends up? it obviously doesn't all go back to the surface to be safely disposed of, or does it?
Over 20 states in the U.S has banned fracking. France has banned fracking. Trust are puppets in power to say yes to short term financial gain.
U.K. independant power supply.! This is the same dribble they spouted over North Sea Gas and look how that turned out.
As previously noted, chemicals perform many functions in a hydraulic fracturing job. Although there are dozens to hundreds of chemicals which could be used as additives, there are a limited number which are routinely used in hydraulic fracturing. The following is a list of the chemicals used most often. This chart is sorted alphabetically by the Product Function to make it easier for you to compare to the fracturing records .
Chemical Name | CAS | Chemical Purpose | Product Function |
Hydrochloric Acid | 007647-01-0 | Helps dissolve minerals and initiate cracks in the rock | Acid |
Glutaraldehyde | 000111-30-8 | Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products | Biocide |
Quaternary Ammonium Chloride | 012125-02-9 | Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products | Biocide |
Quaternary Ammonium Chloride | 061789-71-1 | Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products | Biocide |
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl-Phosphonium Sulfate | 055566-30-8 | Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products | Biocide |
Ammonium Persulfate | 007727-54-0 | Allows a delayed break down of the gel | Breaker |
Sodium Chloride | 007647-14-5 | Product Stabilizer | Breaker |
Magnesium Peroxide | 014452-57-4 | Allows a delayed break down the gel | Breaker |
Magnesium Oxide | 001309-48-4 | Allows a delayed break down the gel | Breaker |
Calcium Chloride | 010043-52-4 | Product Stabilizer | Breaker |
Choline Chloride | 000067-48-1 | Prevents clays from swelling or shifting | Clay Stabilizer |
Tetramethyl ammonium chloride | 000075-57-0 | Prevents clays from swelling or shifting | Clay Stabilizer |
Sodium Chloride | 007647-14-5 | Prevents clays from swelling or shifting | Clay Stabilizer |
Isopropanol | 000067-63-0 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent | Corrosion Inhibitor |
Methanol | 000067-56-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent | Corrosion Inhibitor |
Formic Acid | 000064-18-6 | Prevents the corrosion of the pipe | Corrosion Inhibitor |
Acetaldehyde | 000075-07-0 | Prevents the corrosion of the pipe | Corrosion Inhibitor |
Petroleum Distillate | 064741-85-1 | Carrier fluid for borate or zirconate crosslinker | Crosslinker |
Hydrotreated Light Petroleum Distillate | 064742-47-8 | Carrier fluid for borate or zirconate crosslinker | Crosslinker |
Potassium Metaborate | 013709-94-9 | Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases | Crosslinker |
Triethanolamine Zirconate | 101033-44-7 | Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases | Crosslinker |
Sodium Tetraborate | 001303-96-4 | Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases | Crosslinker |
Boric Acid | 001333-73-9 | Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases | Crosslinker |
Zirconium Complex | 113184-20-6 | Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases | Crosslinker |
Borate Salts | N/A | Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases | Crosslinker |
Ethylene Glycol | 000107-21-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Crosslinker |
Methanol | 000067-56-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Crosslinker |
Polyacrylamide | 009003-05-8 | “Slicks” the water to minimize friction | Friction Reducer |
Petroleum Distillate | 064741-85-1 | Carrier fluid for polyacrylamide friction reducer | Friction Reducer |
Hydrotreated Light Petroleum Distillate | 064742-47-8 | Carrier fluid for polyacrylamide friction reducer | Friction Reducer |
Methanol | 000067-56-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Friction Reducer |
Ethylene Glycol | 000107-21-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Friction Reducer |
Guar Gum | 009000-30-0 | Thickens the water in order to suspend the sand | Gelling Agent |
Petroleum Distillate | 064741-85-1 | Carrier fluid for guar gum in liquid gels | Gelling Agent |
Hydrotreated Light Petroleum Distillate | 064742-47-8 | Carrier fluid for guar gum in liquid gels | Gelling Agent |
Methanol | 000067-56-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Gelling Agent |
Polysaccharide Blend | 068130-15-4 | Thickens the water in order to suspend the sand | Gelling Agent |
Ethylene Glycol | 000107-21-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Gelling Agent |
Citric Acid | 000077-92-9 | Prevents precipitation of metal oxides | Iron Control |
Acetic Acid | 000064-19-7 | Prevents precipitation of metal oxides | Iron Control |
Thioglycolic Acid | 000068-11-1 | Prevents precipitation of metal oxides | Iron Control |
Sodium Erythorbate | 006381-77-7 | Prevents precipitation of metal oxides | Iron Control |
Lauryl Sulfate | 000151-21-3 | Used to prevent the formation of emulsions in the fracture fluid | Non-Emulsifier |
Isopropanol | 000067-63-0 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Non-Emulsifier |
Ethylene Glycol | 000107-21-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Non-Emulsifier |
Sodium Hydroxide | 001310-73-2 | Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers | pH Adjusting Agent |
Potassium Hydroxide | 001310-58-3 | Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers | pH Adjusting Agent |
Acetic Acid | 000064-19-7 | Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers | pH Adjusting Agent |
Sodium Carbonate | 000497-19-8 | Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers | pH Adjusting Agent |
Potassium Carbonate | 000584-08-7 | Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers | pH Adjusting Agent |
Copolymer of Acrylamide and Sodium Acrylate | 025987-30-8 | Prevents scale deposits in the pipe | Scale Inhibitor |
Sodium Polycarboxylate | N/A | Prevents scale deposits in the pipe | Scale Inhibitor |
Phosphonic Acid Salt | N/A | Prevents scale deposits in the pipe | Scale Inhibitor |
Lauryl Sulfate | 000151-21-3 | Used to increase the viscosity of the fracture fluid | Surfactant |
Ethanol | 000064-17-5 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Surfactant |
Naphthalene | 000091-20-3 | Carrier fluid for the active surfactant ingredients | Surfactant |
Methanol | 000067-56-1 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Surfactant |
Isopropyl Alcohol | 000067-63-0 | Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent. | Surfactant |
2-Butoxyethanol | 000111-76-2 | Product stabilizer | Surfactant |
One of the problems associated with identifying chemicals is that some chemicals have multiple names. For example Ethylene Glycol (Antifreeze) is also known by the names Ethylene alcohol; Glycol; Glycol alcohol; Lutrol 9; Macrogol 400 BPC; Monoethylene glycol; Ramp; Tescol; 1,2-Dihydroxyethane; 2-Hydroxyethanol; HOCH2CH2OH; Dihydroxyethane; Ethanediol; Ethylene gycol; Glygen; Athylenglykol; Ethane-1,2-diol; Fridex; M.e.g.; 1,2-Ethandiol; Ucar 17; Dowtherm SR 1; Norkool; Zerex; Aliphatic diol; Ilexan E; Ethane-1,2-diol 1,2-Ethanedio.
This multiplicity of names can make a search for chemicals somewhat difficult and frustrating. However, if you search for a chemical by the CAS number it will return the correct chemical even if the name on the fracturing record does not match. For example if the fracturing record listed the chemical Hydrogen chloride and you searched for it by name using a chemical search site you may not get a result. But if you search for CAS # 007647-01-0 it might return Hydrochloric acid which is another name of Hydrogen chloride. Therefore, by using the CAS number you can avoid the issue of multiple names for the same chemical.
Multiple names for the same chemical can also leave you with the impression that there are more chemicals than actually exist. If you search the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) ‡ website the alternate names of chemicals are listed. This may help you identify the precise chemical you are looking for. The NIST site also contains the CAS numbers for chemicals. NIST is only one of many websites you can use to locate additional information about chemicals. You can also search the following websites using the chemical name or CAS number:
I can remember when we made all of our own gas i realy dont understand why we dont still do it we are sitting on billions of tons of coal and with todays technology cant we make clean coal gas?? Re open the pits build some gasworks they where the days when every town had a gasworks and energy was cheap.