Smart cities use IoT gateways to connect and manage thousands of IoT devices efficiently. These gateways enable real-time data collection from smart meters, traffic lights, and environmental sensors. In water management, IoT gateways help monitor distribution networks, detect leaks, and improve conservation efforts. They enhance public safety by integrating emergency response systems and air quality monitoring devices. IoT gateways reduce network congestion by processing data at the edge before sending it to the cloud. They also support multiple wireless and wired communication protocols, ensuring seamless connectivity. Without IoT gateways, smart city infrastructure would struggle with data management and security issues.